Sub"stance , v. t. To furnish or endow with substance; to supply property to; to make rich. [Obs.]
Sub"stance (?), n. [F., fr. L. substantia, fr.
substare to be under or present, to stand firm; sub under + stare to stand. See Stand.]
1. That which underlies all outward manifestations; substratum; the permanent subject or cause of
phenomena, whether material or spiritual; that in which properties inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which is
apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in distinction from any accident; that which constitutes anything what it is; real or existing essence.
These cooks, how
they stamp, and strain, and grind,
And turn substance into accident!
Chaucer.
Heroic virtue did his actions guide,
And he the substance, not the appearance, chose.
Dryden.
2. The most important element in any existence; the characteristic and essential components of anything; the main part; essential import; purport.
This edition
is the same
in substance with the Latin.
Bp. Burnet. It
is insolent in words, in manner; but in substance it is not only insulting, but alarming.
Burke. 3. Body; matter; material of which a thing
is made; hence, substantiality;
solidity; firmness; as, the substance of which a garment is made; some textile fabrics have little substance.
4.
Material possessions; estate; property;
resources.
And there wasted his substance with riotous living.
Luke xv. 13. Thy substance, valued at the
highest rate,
Can not amount unto a hundred marks.
Shak.
We are destroying
many thousand lives, and exhausting our substance, but not for our own interest.
Swift. 5.
(Theol.) Same as
Hypostasis, 2.
Hear it pronounced