Grain (grān), n. [See Groin a part of the body.]
1. A branch of a tree; a stalk or stem
of a plant. [Obs.] G.
Douglas.
2. A tine, prong, or fork. Specifically: (a) One the branches of a
valley or of a river. (b)
pl. An iron fish spear or
harpoon, having four or more
barbed points.
3.
A blade of a sword, knife, etc.
4. (Founding) A thin piece of
metal, used in a mold to steady a core.
Grain , v. i. [F. grainer, grener. See
Grain, n.]
1. To yield fruit. [Obs.] Gower.
2. To form grains, or to assume
a granular form, as the result of crystallization; to granulate.
Grain , v. t. [imp. & p. p. Grained (grānd); p. pr. & vb. n. Graining.]
1. To paint in imitation of the grain of
wood, marble, etc.
2. To form (powder, sugar, etc.) into grains.
3. To take the hair off (skins); to soften and
raise the grain of (leather, etc.).
Grain (gr&mac;n),
n. [F. grain, L. granum, grain, seed, small kernel, small particle. See Corn, and cf. Garner, n., Garnet, Gram the chick-pea, Granule, Kernel.]
1. A single small hard seed; a kernel, especially of those plants, like wheat, whose seeds are used for food.
2. The fruit of certain grasses which furnish the chief food of
man, as corn, wheat, rye, oats, etc., or the plants themselves; --
used collectively.
Storehouses crammed with grain.
Shak.
3. Any small, hard particle, as of sand, sugar, salt, etc.; hence, any minute portion or particle; as, a grain of gunpowder, of pollen, of starch, of sense, of wit,
etc.
I . . . with a grain of manhood well resolved.
Milton.
4. The unit of the English system of weights; -- so called because considered equal to the average of grains taken from the middle of the
ears of wheat. 7,000 grains constitute the pound avoirdupois, and 5,760 grains the pound troy. A
grain is equal to .0648 gram. See Gram.
5. A reddish dye
made from the coccus insect, or kermes; hence, a red color of any tint or hue, as crimson, scarlet, etc.; sometimes used by the poets as equivalent to Tyrian purple.
All in a robe of darkest
grain.
Milton.
Doing as the dyers do, who, having first dipped their silks in colors of less value, then give' them the last
tincture of crimson in grain.
Quoted by Coleridge, preface to Aids to Reflection. 6. The composite particles of any substance; that arrangement of the particles of any body which determines its comparative roughness
or hardness; texture; as, marble, sugar, sandstone, etc., of fine grain.
Hard box, and linden of
a softer grain.
Dryden.
7. The direction, arrangement, or appearance of the fibers in wood, or of the strata in
stone, slate, etc.
Knots, by the conflux of meeting sap,
Infect the sound pine and divert his grain
Tortive and errant from his course of
growth.
Shak.
8. The fiber which forms the substance of wood or of any fibrous material.
9. The hair side of a piece of leather, or the marking on that side. Knight.
10. pl.
The remains of grain, etc., after brewing or distillation; hence, any residuum. Also called draff.
11. (Bot.) A rounded prominence on the back of a sepal, as in the common dock. See Grained, a., 4.
12. Temper; natural disposition; inclination. [Obs.]
Brothers . . . not united in grain.
Hayward. 13. A sort of spice, the grain of paradise. [Obs.]
He cheweth grain and licorice,
To smellen sweet.
Chaucer. Against the grain, against or across the direction of the fibers; hence, against one's
wishes or tastes; unwillingly; unpleasantly; reluctantly; with difficulty. Swift. Saintsbury.-- A
grain of allowance, a slight indulgence or latitude a
small allowance. --
Grain binder, an attachment to a harvester for binding the grain into sheaves. -- Grain colors, dyes made
from the coccus or kermes insect. -- Grain leather. (a) Dressed horse
hides. (b) Goat, seal, and other skins blacked on the grain
side for women's shoes, etc. -- Grain moth (Zoöl.), one of several small moths, of the family Tineidæ (as Tinea granella and Butalis cerealella), whose larvæ devour grain in storehouses. -- Grain side (Leather),
the side of a skin or hide from
which the hair has been
removed; -- opposed to flesh side. -- Grains of paradise, the seeds of a species
of amomum. -- grain tin, crystalline tin ore metallic tin smelted with charcoal. -- Grain weevil (Zoöl.),
a small red weevil (Sitophilus
granarius), which destroys stored wheat and other grain, by eating out the interior. -- Grain worm (Zoöl.), the larva of the
grain moth. See grain moth, above. -- In grain, of a fast color; deeply seated; fixed; innate; genuine. "Anguish in grain." Herbert. -- To dye in grain, to dye of a fast color by
means of the coccus or kermes grain [see Grain, n., 5]; hence, to dye firmly; also, to dye in the wool, or in the raw material. See under Dye.
The red roses flush up in her cheeks . . .
Likce crimson dyed in grain.
Spenser. -- To go against
the grain of (a person), to be repugnant to; to vex, irritate, mortify, or trouble.
Grain , v. & n. See Groan. [Obs.]
Hear it pronounced