Be*side" (&?;), prep. [OE. biside,
bisiden, bisides, prep. and adv., beside, besides; pref. be- by + side. Cf. Besides, and see Side, n.]
1. At the side of; on one side of. "Beside him hung his
bow." Milton.
2. Aside from; out of the regular course or order of; in a state of deviation from; out of.
[You] have done enough
To put him quite
beside his patience.
Shak.
3. Over and above; distinct from; in addition to. [In this use besides is now commoner.]
Wise and learned men beside those whose names are in the Christian records.
Addison.
To be beside one's self,
to be out
of one's wits
or senses.
Paul, thou art beside thyself.
Acts xxvi. 24.
Syn. -- Beside, Besides.
These words, whether used
as prepositions or adverbs, have been considered strictly synonymous, from an early
period of our literature, and have been
freely interchanged by our best writers. There is, however, a tendency, in present usage, to make the following distinction
between them: 1. That beside be used only and always as
a preposition, with the original meaning "by the side of; " as, to sit beside a fountain; or with the closely allied meaning "aside from", "apart from", or "out
of"; as, this
is beside our present purpose; to be beside one's self with joy. The
adverbial sense to be wholly
transferred to the cognate word. 2. That besides, as a preposition, take the remaining sense "in addition to", as, besides all this; besides the considerations here offered.
"There was a
famine in the land besides the first famine." Gen. xxvi. 1. And that it also
take the adverbial sense of "moreover", "beyond", etc., which had been divided between the words; as, besides, there are other considerations which belong to this case.
The following passages may serve to
illustrate this use of the
words: --
Lovely Thais sits
beside thee.
Dryden.
Only be patient till we have appeased
The multitude, beside themselves with fear.
Shak. It is beside my present business to enlarge on this speculation.
Locke.
Besides this, there are persons in certain situations who are expected to be charitable.
Bp.
Porteus. And, besides, the Moor
May unfold me to
him; there stand I in much peril.
Shak. That man that does
not know those things which are of necessity for him to know is but an ignorant man, whatever he may know besides.
Tillotson.
See Moreover.
Hear it pronounced