1914 poster illustrating the Triple Entente, showing allegorical personifications of France (Marianne), Russia, and the UK (Britannia).

Mother Russia (Russian: Россия-Матушка, transliterated as Rossiya-Matushka) is a national personification of Russia, appearing in patriotic posters, statues etc. In the Soviet period, the term Mother Motherland (Родина-Мать, Rodina-Mat) was preferred, as representing the multi-ethnic Soviet Union; still, there is a clear similarity between the pre-1917 Mother Russia and the Soviet figure, especially as depicted during and in the aftermath of the Great Patriotic War – as the Eastern Front of the Second World War is known in Russia.

As a title of a work of art, "Mother Russia" may refer to:

• Mother Motherland statues in various cities throughout the former Soviet Union
• a song from the album No Prayer for the Dying by Iron Maiden
• "Mother Russia (Renaissance song)", a song by Renaissance
• "Dominion/Mother Russia", a song on the album "Floodland" by The Sisters of Mercy
• Mother Russia (Doctor Who audio), an audio drama based on the British television series Doctor Who

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